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theodric posted in the group Mythology, Theology and Folklore
Hermes and Another Balder Analogue?
While preparing to actually write down some of my thoughts around Odin’s brothers Vili and Ve, I have been looking at other related IE Gods and Goddesses. Of course, Hermes must be in that list. I found a rather interesting bit about Hermes son, Cephalus:
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Cephalus was out hunting and Aurora, the goddess of dawn, who was enamored with him came and took him away to her abode. There she tried to sleep with him, but he refused and thought only of his wife Procris. Aurora became upset with him and told him he would regret loving her. As he was returning home he thought to change his appearance and test Procris’ loyalty. Aurora changed his appearance for him. There he approached her and offered her many riches for just one night with her, and she hesitated. And then he revealed himself and accused her of disloyalty.Ashamed, she went off to walk the way of Diana. And after some time, Diana gifted her a magical spear that never misses and a hound that was faster than anything else on earth. Procris returned and gave these things to Cephalus.
One day when Cephalus was out hunting he called out to the air “Aura” to give him relief. Some anonymous being went and whispered into Procris’ ear that Cephalus was calling out to a lover to comfort him. Procris found him and hid in the brush, but realized he was only calling out to the air. She rose to greet Cephalus, but he thought she was an animal and threw the spear at her, killing her.
Cephalus would later throw himself over a cliff as the grief for what he had done became so great he could no longer bear it.
—–So we have the son of Hermes, the Greek cognate of Woden, whose son was involved in a love dispute, a jealous Goddess that sets into motion the tragedy ahead, a magic weapon that never misses, a hunting accident resulting in her death, and ultimately immense, overpowering grief that leads to Cephalus suicide. Everyone of these elements appears in variants of the Balder story:
(1) Balder is Odin’s son. Cephalus is Hermes son.
(2) Balder is said to be most beautiful of the Gods. Procris sister is kidnapped by the God of the North Winds for her beauty, and Procris is said to be even more beautiful than that. Cephalus is also said to be beautiful.
(3) Loki gives Hodr the mistletoe that kills Balder in the Norse version of the story. Aurora sets into motion the causal chain that will lead to Cephalus possessing the magic spear.
(4) Balder’s death in the Saxo version is over a love dispute. Cephalus and his wife question each other’s fidelity.
(5) The magic spear and a magic hound in the Greek story coincidentally are Wodenic symbols.
(6) Cephalus kills his wife in a hunting accident. In the Beowulf version of the Balder story, Hodr kills Balder in a hunting accident.
(7) Cephalus takes his own life because of the grief from what he had done. In the Beowulf story, Hrethel dies from grief at Balder’s death.What do you think? Is the Greek story of Cephalus a variant of the Balder story? Share your thoughts in the comments!
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I’m quite fond of those parallels, and they do have me convinced of a shared root to these stories. Problem is, how do we go about reconstructing it?
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I want to puzzle out if there are any strong signs of what I believe to be the case, that he is a solar or seasonal God, who is deaf and rebirth is cyclical.
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I also want for that. It’s so difficult when there are pieces and evidences, but every non-eddaic source portrays him as a mortal man.
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That sounds like Ovid’s version of the myth. I think that to do the type of analysis you want to do, you need to go back further, to the original version of the myth. I find that with the Greeks and Romans, over time, there are additions and changes to various myths as poets wanted to put their own stamp on things.
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I’m gonna have to ponder this, certainly they do seem to be related, maybe both stemming from an even older story?